Outcomes of Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury between Two-Wheeler and Non-Two-Wheeler Vehicles: A Cohort Study

Abstract

Introduction

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is growing public health concern and one of the most devastating types of injury. Pattern of injuries and outcome in two-wheeler and non-two-wheeler vehicular accidents should be evaluated and addressed separately. This study aimed to determine the outcome between two wheeler and Non two-wheeler vehicular Traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients.

Methodology

This was a retrospective cohort study which include the data from October 2020 to December 2022, of patients with vehicular traumatic brain injuries, admitted in Department of Neurosurgery, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Nepal. Primary data was collected from emergency records, in-patient files, operative notes and post-operative discharge. Patients were followed up via phone calls and at follow up visits.  

Results

A total of 75 patients with mean age of 39.39 ± 18.3 years and male to female ratio of 3.6:1 were enrolled in the study. 63 patients and 12 patients were included in two-wheeler and non-two-wheeler TBI patients. Among two wheeler patients, 39.68% used helmet whereas 16.6% of non two-wheeler patients used seatbelts. Alcohol consumption was high in 2 wheelers (52.38%) than in non two-wheelers (25%). Majority of the patients had mild head injury,73% among two wheelers and 83.3%  in non 2-wheelers. Favourable Extended Glasgow Coma  score (4-8) was seen in 98.4% of two-wheeler TBI  patients and among all of non two-wheeler TBI patients.

Conclusion

There are differences in outcomes between TBI of two-wheelers and non-two-wheelers. Favourable outcomes in terms of Extended Glasgow coma score was seen in non-two-wheelers as compared to two-wheelers in our study.