Motivations for and Barriers to Body Donation among Nepali Pledged Body Donors: A Qualitative Study

Abstract

Introduction
Cadaveric dissection remains fundamental to anatomy education, yet dependence on unclaimed bodies raises ethical concerns, making voluntary body donation an important but underexplored alternative. This study explores the motivations for body donation and the challenges faced by donors.

Methods
A qualitative study was conducted among 25 participants, divided into three groups (8, 8, and 9) for focus group discussions. One participant from each group was selected for in-depth interviews at the Department of Anatomy, Maharajgunj Medical Campus. . Separate interview guides were used for discussions and interviews. Responses were audio-recorded, transcribed using Turboscribe and analyzed through thematic coding using Dedoose software.

Results
Most donors were retired professionals motivated by personal values, religious beliefs, and social influences like family distance. Some viewed donation as a way to avoid costly and environmentally harmful funeral practices, while others considered it a final act of service. Awareness was largely informal, and barriers included cultural norms, family resistance, and superstition. Despite challenges, donors reported fulfillment and often inspired others through sharing their decisions. Participants recommended increasing awareness, involving religious leaders, strengthening policies, and improving institutional support.

Conclusions
Body donation in Nepal is driven by selflessness of the donors and the passion for social welfare, environmental concerns, cost reduction, and the desire to support medical education. However, inadequate legal frameworks and institutional support remain key barriers.