Ascaris, ascariasis and its present scenario in Nepal S

Abstract

Ascaris (also known as roundworm) is a common human intestinal parasite
(Nematoda) known to be existed since 1500 BC. There are two species of Ascaris - A.
lumbricoides (in human) and A. suum (in swine), but, cross-infections reportedly occur.
It is a large worm (with separate sex) and is prevalent mainly in developing countries
with tropical and sub-tropical climate implicating as one of the major causes of
morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of ascariasis approaches one hundred
percent in certain areas in developing countries. In Nepal, Ascaris has remained as a
leading human parasite (known as "juka " locally). In some rural areas, over seventyfive percent people are infected with this parasite. A hospital-based study carried out
in the capital city of Kathmandu over a period of one decade has shown a static annual
prevalence with a mean of approximately thirty-five percent. Investigators have shown
a significant impact of ascariasis on various nutritional parameters among Nepalese.
A. lumbricoides, therefore, appears to constitute one of the major causes of public
health problem in Nepal though the extent of ascariasis-associated morbidity and
mortality has not been investigated yet.