Metabolic Syndrome in patients with Urinary Tract Stone Disease: A Hospital based Single Center Study

Abstract

Introduction: Patients with urinary tract stones (UTS) are at increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MetS). Assessment for MetS could be useful for patients presenting with UTS. We assessed the prevalence of MetS and each of its components in patients with UTS. Correlation of 24-hour urinary, serum calcium and uric acid levels with components of MetS were also done.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Tribuvan University Teaching Hospital, Institute of Medicine from August 2021 to July 2022. After the approval from the Institutional Review Committee, 118 consenting adult patients with unilateral or bilateral UTS who fulfilled inclusion criteria were studied.

Results: Thirty-five (29.7%) stone formers had MetS. Among them, 23 (65.7%) were males, and 12 (34.3%) females. The mean body mass index of patients with MetS was 25.96 ± 4.62 kg/m2. In patients with MetS, 24 (68.8%) had high blood pressure and impaired plasma FBS. Twenty-one (60.0%) patients had increased serum triglyceride levels, and 54.3% had reduced HDL-cholesterol. Systolic blood pressure had a significant correlation with hypercalciuria (P=0.01) and hyperuricemia (P=0.046). Serum triglyceride levels were significantly correlated with hypercalcemia (P=0.045). The mean estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of the study population was 83.48 ± 32.37 mL/min/1.73 m².

Conclusion: Urinary tract stone disease are associated with metabolic syndrome. Assessment for metabolic syndrome should be considered in patients with urinary tract stone disease